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A Review of 25 Cases

Christian Guilleminault, MD; Frederic L. Eldridge, MD; Ara Tilkian, MD; F. Blair Simmons, MD; William C. Dement, MD, PhD

Arch Intern Med. 1977;137(3):296-300.

Abstract
A sleep apnea syndrome due to upper airway obstruction was diagnosed in 25 adult men (25 to 65 years of age) using nocturnal polygraphic monitoring. Excessive daytime somnolence, hypnagogic hallucinations, and automatic behavior, personality changes with abnormal behavioral outbursts, impotence, morning headaches, abnormal motor activity during sleep, nocturnal enuresis, and high blood pressure should suggest this diagnosis when any of the symptoms are associated with loud snoring. Respiratory monitoring during sleep and nocturnal cardiovascular evaluation bring prognostic information and indications for therapy. Three types of therapeutic trials, namely, diet, medications with or without diet, and surgery have been performed. Only surgery has been beneficial in these cases.

(Arch Intern Med 137:296-300, 1977)

Author Affiliations
From the Sleep Disorders Clinic and Laboratory (Drs Guilleminault and Dement), and the Departments of Respiratory Medicine (Dr Eldridge), Cardiology (Dr Tilkian), and Otolaryngology (Dr Simmons), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif. Dr Eldridge is now with the University of North Carolina School of Medicine.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication July 26, 1976.

Reprint requests to Sleep Disorders Clinic and Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 (Dr Guilleminault).

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