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Observations in Postmenopausal Women

Suzanne S. P. Gebhart, MD; Nelson B. Watts, MD; Richard V. Clark, MD, PhD; Guillermo Umpierrez, MD; Demetrios Sgoutas, PhD

Arch Intern Med. 1989;149(7):1637-1641.

Abstract
• Gonadotropin levels were measured in 65 postmenopausal women admitted to the intensive care unit. Sixteen patients (25%) were hypogonadotropic as measured by luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels of 5 IU/L or less, and only 20 patients (31%) were found to have gonadotropin levels within the expected postmenopausal range (30 IU/L). No significant differences in prolactin or free thyroxine levels were found, but the cortisol level was higher and the total thyroxine level lower in the hypogonadotropic group. The patients in the hypogonadotropic group also seemed more seriously ill, with a longer duration of hospitalization, an increased total number of days in the intensive care unit, an increased number of days in the intensive care unit before gonadotropin sampling, a higher incidence of parenteral hyperalimentation, lower serum albumin levels, and higher mortality. Stimulation of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone performed on 10 patients showed a blunted response in patients with baseline LH and FSH levels of 10 IU/L or less. Of 10 patients followed up sequentially, 6 showed a rise in gonadotropin levels that paralleled recovery, 1 died with low gonadotropin levels, and 3 continued to have low gonadotropin levels 17, 34, and 82 days, respectively, after initial screening. Critically ill postmenopausal women may exhibit a marked fall in gonadotropin, LH, and FSH levels. This disease in gonadotropin levels in response to illness is reversible and results from pituitary unresponsiveness to gonadorelin hydrochloride.

(Arch Intern Med. 1989;149:1637-1641)

Author Affiliations
From the Departments of Medicine (Drs Gebhart, Watts, Clark, and Umpierrez) and Pathology (Dr Sgoutas), School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication January 17, 1989.

Presented in part at the American Federation of Clinical Research, Southern Section; February 7,1986; New Orleans, La.

Reprint requests to the Emory Clinic, 1365 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 (Dr Gebhart).

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