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Gastrointestinal Cytomegalovirus Infection in Heart and Heart-Lung Transplant Recipients
Charles S. Kaplan, MD;
Eskild A. Petersen, MD;
Timothy B. Icenogle, MD;
Jack G. Copeland, MD;
Hugo V. Villar, MD;
Richard Sampliner, MD;
Linda Minnich, MS;
C. George Ray, MD
Arch Intern Med. 1989;149(9):2095-2100.
Abstract
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• Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes major morbidity in organ transplant recipients. Gastrointestinal disease was the most prominent manifestation of CMV infection in a population of heart and heart-lung transplant patients, with an incidence of 9.9%, compared with pneumonitis (4.0%) and retinitis (0%), and occurred most frequently in CMV-seronegative recipients of organs from CMV-seropositive donors. Clinical manifestations included gastritis (nine patients), gastric ulceration (four patients), duodenitis (three patients), esophagitis (one patient), pyloric perforation (one patient), and colonic hemorrhage (one patient). Patients with gastrointestinal CMV infection were treated with intravenous ganciclovir sodium therapy, 5 mg/kg twice daily, for 2 to 8 weeks, with positive clinical, endoscopic, histologic, and virologic responses. Relapses occurred in four of nine patients who were followed up for a median period of 18 months. Retreatment resulted in healing of endoscopic lesions and in viral clearing. We conclude that early endoscopic evaluation for CMV is indicated in heart and heart-lung transplant patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. This study further suggests that intravenous ganciclovir therapy is effective for the treatment of gastrointestinal CMV in these patients.
(Arch Intern Med. 1989;149:2095-2100)
Author Affiliations
From the Departments of Internal Medicine (Drs Kaplan, Petersen, and Sampliner), Surgery (Drs Icenogle, Copeland, and Villar), and Pathology (Drs Minnich and Ray), University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson.
Footnotes
Accepted for publication May 17, 1989.
Reprint requests to Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Arizona Medical Center, 1501 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ 85724 (Dr Petersen).
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