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Risk Factors and Association With Hypertension and Other Morbidity

Wolfgang W. Schmidt-Nowara, MD; David B. Coultas, MD; Charles Wiggins, MSPH; Betty Eberle Skipper, PhD; Jonathan M. Samet, MD

Arch Intern Med. 1990;150(3):597-601.

Abstract
• Snoring was investigated in a survey of respiratory disease in Hispanic-Americans of a New Mexico community. A population-based sample of 1222 adults was studied with questionnaires and measurements of height, weight, and blood pressure. The age-adjusted prevalence of regular loud snoring was 27.8% in men and 15.3% in women. Snoring prevalence increased with age and obesity in both men and women. Cigarette smoking was also associated with snoring, but chronic obstructive lung disease and alcohol consumption were not. Snorers more frequently had hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and excessive daytime sleepiness. In contrast to other studies, after adjustment for confounding factors, there was no effect of snoring on hypertension (odds ratio, 1.0; 95% confidence interval, 0.7 to 1.5), but an effect on myocardial infarction was still demonstrable (odds ratio, 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 0.9 to 3.6). The association of snoring with sleepiness suggests that respiratory disturbance of sleep related to upper airway obstruction, such as sleep apnea, occurs more frequently in snorers in this population.

(Arch Intern Med. 1990;150:597-601)

Author Affiliations
From the Departments of Medicine (Drs Schmidt-Nowara, Coultas, and Samet) and of Family, Community, and Emergency Medicine (Drs Coultas, Skipper, and Samet), and the New Mexico Tumor Registry, Cancer Center (Drs Coultas and Samet and Mr Wiggins), University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication September 15,1989.

Reprint requests to Pulmonary Division, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131 (Dr Schmidt-Nowara).

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