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A Retrospective Study of Recipients of Blood Components (1983 Through 1988)

Marian T. Sullivan, MS, MPH; Alan E. Williams, PhD; Chyang T. Fang, PhD; Teresa Grandinetti; Bernard J. Poiesz, MD; Garth D. Ehrlich, PhD; The American Red Cross HTLV-I/II Collaborative Study Group

Arch Intern Med. 1991;151(10):2043-2048.

Abstract
We studied results of a "lookback" program involving laboratory testing and interviews of 133 recipients of prior donations from blood donors seropositive for human T-lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I/II) identified at 28 American Red Cross blood centers. The study was designed to explore the natural course of posttransfusion HTLV-I/II infection among individuals who received blood components from donors subsequently identified as being HTLV-I/II seropositive. Seventeen recipients were seropositive, an apparent transmission rate of 12.8%. Red blood cells and platelets were the implicated components, and red blood cells that were less than 6 days old had a transmission efficiency of 80%. Virus typing enabled documentation of primary and secondary transfusion transmission of HTLV-I and HTLV-II, including the direct transmission of HTLV-II by a donor with a history of intravenous drug use. We conclude that transfusion transmission of HTLV-I/II to approximately 700 recipients per year occurred in the United States before routine donor testing began in 1988.

(Arch Intern Med. 1991;151:2043-2048)

Author Affiliations
From the American Red Cross Blood Services and Jerome H. Holland Laboratory, Rockville, Md (Mss Sullivan and Grandinetti and Drs Williams and Fang), and State University of New York Health Sciences Center, Syracuse (Drs Poiesz and Ehrlich). Dr Ehrlich is now with the Molecular Diagnostics Unit, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh (Pa) School of Medicine.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication April 8, 1991.

Reprint requests to Transmissible Diseases Department, Jerome H. Holland Laboratory, 15601 Crabbs Branch Way, Rockville, MD 20855 (Ms Sullivan).

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