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A Crossover Trial of Quinine vs Vitamin E

Priscilla Simon Connolly, MD; Eric A. Shirley, MD; John H. Wasson, MD; David W. Nierenberg, MD

Arch Intern Med. 1992;152(9):1877-1880.

Abstract
Objective.—
This study compared the efficacy and safety of quinine sulfate, vitamin E, and placebo in the treatment of nocturnal leg cramps.

Design.—
A random-order, double-blind, placebocontrolled crossover trial was performed.

Setting.—
The study was conducted at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, Vt.

Participants.—
Twenty-seven male veterans, aged 38 to 73 years, who experienced at least six leg cramps per month were recruited through the general medicine walk-in clinic or were referred from other clinics. Fifty-five subjects were contacted, 30 were enrolled consecutively, and 27 completed the study.

Intervention.—
Subjects received, in random order, quinine sulfate (200 mg at supper and 300 mg at bedtime), vitamin E (800 U at bedtime), or placebo for 4-week periods. These periods were separated by 4-week washout intervals.

Outcome Measures.—
Patients reported cramp frequency, severity, and sleep disturbance caused by cramps.

Results.—
Compared with treatment with placebo, quinine reduced the frequency of cramps and sleep disturbance, but not the average cramp severity. Thirteen of 27 patients had at least a 50% reduction in the number of cramps while receiving quinine; the response was usually seen within 3 days. There was evidence of a mild increase in side effects while subjects received quinine. Vitamin E was not effective in reducing leg cramp frequency, severity, or sleep disturbance.

Conclusions.—
Quinine sulfate, but not vitamin E, is superior to placebo in the treatment of nocturnal leg cramps.

(Arch Intern Med. 1992;152:1877-1880)

Author Affiliations
From the Department of Medicine (Drs Connolly, Shirley, and Wasson), Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, Vt; and Departments of Medicine (Drs Shirley, Wasson, and Nierenberg), Community and Family Medicine (Dr Wasson), and Pharmacology (Dr Nierenberg), Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH. At the time of this study, Dr Connolly was a general medical fellow at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center at White River Junction, Vt.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication February 12, 1992.

Reprints not available.

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