Acquired Risk Factors for Deep-Vein Thrombosis in Symptomatic Outpatients

doi:10.1001/archinte.1994.00420020066008

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Vol. 154 No. 2, 24 January 1994

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Acquired Risk Factors for Deep-Vein Thrombosis in Symptomatic Outpatients

Alberto Cogo, MD; Enrico Bernardi, MD; Paolo Prandoni, MD, PhD; Bruno Girolami, MD; Franco Noventa, MD; Paolo Simioni, MD; Antonio Girolami, MD

Arch Intern Med. 1994;154(2):164-168.

Abstract

Background
Epidemiologic studies on deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) have beenmainly confined to the inpatient population. The aim of thisstudy was to investigate the association between DVT and acquiredrisk factors in a large cohort of outpatients with clinicallysuspected DVT.

Methods
Consecutive outpatients with clinically suspected DVT were enrolledin the study. Before objective testing, all patients were interviewedby a trained physician for the presence of risk factors forDVT development. Subsequently, the presence or absence of DVTwas assessed with venography.

Results
Approximately 50% of cases of DVT were considered to be secondaryto a major risk factor (immobilization, trauma, and/or recentsurgery). Among additional risk factors, only increased age(over 60 years), male gender, malignant neoplasm, heart failure,systemic lupus erythematosus, and arteriopathy were independentlyassociated with the risk of acute DVT.

Conclusion
Major risk factors for venous thromboembolism are a common causeof DVT among symptomatic outpatients; therefore, the usefulnessof extending DVT prophylaxis in the outpatient setting shouldbe tested. The role of additional risk factors in the developmentof DVT needs to be established by properly designed studies.

(Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:164-168)

Author Affiliations

From the Institute of Medical Semiotics, Department of Pathologic Medicine II (Drs Cogo, Bernardi, Prandoni, B. Girolami, Simioni, and A. Girolami), and the Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine II (Dr Noventa), University of Padua (Italy).

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