This Article  • References  • Full text PDF  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citation map  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Similar articles in this journal  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

Barbara A. Phillips, MD, MSPH; Frederick J. Danner, PhD

Arch Intern Med. 1995;155(7):734-737.

Abstract
Background
Individuals with sleep complaints often exhibit unhealthy lifestyles, including obesity, excessive alcohol use, lack of physical exercise, and cigarette smoking. We sought to explore the relationship between cigarette smoking, poor sleep habits, and sleep complaints. Several lines of evidence suggest a relationship between cigarette smoking and sleep disturbance, including the effects of nicotine and nicotine withdrawal on sleep, a tendency for nonsmokers to be more alert in the morning, an association between cigarette smoking and snoring, and a tendency for individuals who engage in one unhealthy behavior also to engage in others.

Method
A total of 484 individuals aged 14 to 84 years completed a comprehensive sleep and health questionnaire. There were 99 high school students from grades 9 through 12 (45 boys and 54 girls, of whom 38 [38%] were smokers), who completed an in-class survey. In addition, 385 adults aged 20 to 84 years (122 men and 263 women, of whom 77 [20%] were smokers) from a random sample of 1000 completed a mail survey. The effects of age and smoking status on sleep, health, and daytime function were assessed by multivariate analysis of variance.

Results
Cigarette smokers were significantly more likely than nonsmokers to report problems going to sleep, problems staying asleep, daytime sleepiness, minor accidents, depression, and high daily caffeine intake.

Conclusion
Individuals with sleep complaints should be queried about tobacco use. Those who are smokers should be advised that there is a relationship between cigarette smoking and sleep disturbance.

(Arch Intern Med. 1995;155:734-737)

Author Affiliations
From the Pulmonary Division, Department of Medicine (Dr Phillips), and the Educational Psychology Division, College of Education (Dr Danner), University of Kentucky, Lexington.

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter     What's this?

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

Parental stress is associated with poor sleep quality in parents caring for children with developmental disabilities
Gallagher et al.
J Pediatr Psychol 2009;0:jsp093v1-jsp093.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Sleep Duration in the United States: A Cross-sectional Population-based Study
Krueger and Friedman
Am J Epidemiol 2009;169:1052-1063.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Oral Appliance Therapy and Surgical Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Moore
ACCP Sleep Med Brd Rev 2009;4:249-258.
FULL TEXT  

Epidemiology of Insomnia in Malaysian Adults: A Community-Based Survey in 4 Urban Areas
Zailinawati et al.
Asia Pac J Public Health 2008;20:224-233.
ABSTRACT  

Sleep quality predicts quality of life and mortality risk in haemodialysis patients: Results from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS)
Elder et al.
Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008;23:998-1004.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Power Spectral Analysis of EEG Activity During Sleep in Cigarette Smokers*
Zhang et al.
Chest 2008;133:427-432.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Cigarette Smoking and Nocturnal Sleep Architecture
Zhang et al.
Am J Epidemiol 2006;164:529-537.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Sleep Quality and Its Correlates in the First Year of Dialysis
Unruh et al.
CJASN 2006;1:802-810.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Cigarette Smoke Exposure Reprograms the Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Y Axis to Promote Weight Loss
Chen et al.
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2006;173:1248-1254.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

The Relationship Between Reported Sleep Quality and Sleep Hygiene in Italian and American Adolescents
LeBourgeois et al.
Pediatrics 2005;115:257-265.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Sleep and Sleep-disordered Breathing in Adults with Predominantly Mild Obstructive Airway Disease
Sanders et al.
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2003;167:7-14.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Snoring in 9- to 15-Year-Old Children: Risk Factors and Clinical Relevance
Corbo et al.
Pediatrics 2001;108:1149-1154.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Depressive Symptoms and Cigarette Smoking Predict Development and Persistence of Sleep Problems in US Adolescents
Patten et al.
Pediatrics 2000;106:23e-23.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Reduction of Natural Killer Cytotoxic Activity in Major Depression: Interaction Between Depression and Cigarette Smoking
Jung and Irwin
Psychosom. Med. 1999;61:263-270.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Clinical Correlates of Insomnia in Patients With Chronic Illness
Katz and McHorney
Arch Intern Med 1998;158:1099-1107.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Alcohol Intake, Cigarette Smoking, and Sleep Disturbance
Aubin et al.
Arch Intern Med 1996;156:1028-1028.
ABSTRACT