The Nicotine Inhaler in Smoking Cessation

doi:10.1001/archinte.1997.00440360143016

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Vol. 157 No. 15, 11 AUGUST 1997

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The Nicotine Inhaler in Smoking Cessation

Agneta Hjalmarson, PhD; Fredrik Nilsson, MSc; Lars Sjöström, MD; Olle Wiklund, MD

Arch Intern Med. 1997;157(15):1721-1728.

Abstract

Background
Nicotine replacement therapy has been shown to improve successrates in smoking cessation treatment. However, the availableproducts cause adverse effects, which prevent some smokers fromusing them. A new method of delivering nicotine via inhalersupplies nicotine orally through inhalation from a plastic tube.This mode of delivering nicotine resembles smoking, as it includeshandling and active inhalation.

Objectives
To assess the efficacy and safety of the nicotine inhaler asan aid in smoking cessation.

Methods
A 1-year, randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled studywas conducted in a smoking cessation clinic. Two hundred forty-sevensmokers who smoked at least 10 cigarettes per day and who hadpreviously made a serious attempt to stop smoking using nicotinechewing gum were recruited through advertisements. Randomizationto treatment or control conditions were made at the first groupsession, with 123 participants receiving nicotine inhalers and124 receiving placebo inhalers. The inhalers were distributedat the second session and participants were allowed to use theinhalers for 6 months.

Main Outcome Measure
Biochemically verified continuous abstinence from smoking after2 and 6 weeks and at 3, 6, and 12 months.

Results
Significantly more participants who had used the nicotine inhalerswere continuously abstinent compared with those who had usedthe placebo inhalers. The respective success rates after 12months were 28% and 18% (P=.046). At 6 months, 20 participants(16%) in the nicotine group were still using the inhaler, comparedwith 4 (3%) in the control group (P<.001).

Conclusion
The nicotine inhaler was an effective smoking cessation aidthat produced a few mild and transient adverse effects.

Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:1721-1728

Author Affiliations

From the Departments of Heart and Lung Diseases (Drs Hjalmarson and Wiklund) and Medicine (Dr Sjöström), Sahlgrensha University Hospital, Göteborg, and Pharmacia & Upjohn, Helsingborg (Mr Nilsson), Sweden.

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