 |
|
Garlic Powder and Plasma Lipids and Lipoproteins
A Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Jonathan L. Isaacsohn, MD;
Marvin Moser, MD;
Evan A. Stein, MD, PhD;
Karen Dudley, RN, BSN;
Janice A. Davey, MSN;
Ellen Liskov, RD;
Henry R. Black, MD
Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:1189-1194.
Background Garlic powder tablets have been reported to lower serum cholesterol levels. There is widespread belief among the general public that garlic powder tablets aid in controlling cholesterol levels. However, much of the prior data demonstrating the cholesterol-lowering effect of garlic tablets involved studies that were inadequately controlled.
Objective To determine the lipid-lowering effect of garlic powder tablets in patients with hypercholesterolemia.
Methods This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-week, parallel treatment study carried out in 2 outpatient lipid clinics. Entry into the study after 8 weeks of diet stabilization required a mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level on 2 visits of 4.1 mmol/L (160 mg/dL) or lower and a triglyceride level of 4.0 mmol/L (350 mg/dL) or lower. The active treatment arm received tablets containing 300 mg of garlic powder (Kwai) 3 times per day, given with meals (total, 900 mg/d). This is equivalent to approximately 2.7 g or approximately 1 clove of fresh garlic per day. The placebo arm received an identical-looking tablet, also given 3 times per day with meals. The main outcome measures included levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol after 12 weeks of treatment.
Results Twenty-eight patients (43% male; mean ± SD age, 58 ± 14 years) received garlic powder treatment and 22 (68% male; mean ± SD age, 57 ± 13 years) received placebo treatment. There were no significant lipid or lipoprotein changes in either the placebo- or garlic-treated groups and no significant difference between changes in the placebo-treated group compared with changes in the garlic-treated patients.
Conclusion Garlic powder (900 mg/d) treatment for 12 weeks was ineffective in lowering cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia.
From The Christ Hospital Cardiovascular Research Center, Cincinnati, Ohio (Dr Isaacsohn and Stein and Ms Dudley), and the Yale University Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Center, New Haven, Conn (Drs Moser and Black, and Mss Davey and Liskov). Drs Isaacsohn and Stein and Ms Dudley are now with the Metabolic and Atherosclerosis Research Center, Cincinnati. Dr Black is now with the Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Ill.
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES
|
Drug Therapy of High-Risk Lipid Abnormalities in Children and Adolescents: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in Youth Committee, Council of Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, With the Council on Cardiovascular Nursing
McCrindle et al.
Circulation 2007;115:1948-1967.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Effect of Raw Garlic vs Commercial Garlic Supplements on Plasma Lipid Concentrations in Adults With Moderate Hypercholesterolemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Gardner et al.
Arch Intern Med 2007;167:346-353.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Effect of garlic powder on C-reactive protein and plasma lipids in overweight and smoking subjects
van Doorn et al.
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2006;84:1324-1329.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Modulates Cytokine Expression in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated Human Blood Thereby Inhibiting NF-{kappa}B Activity
Keiss et al.
J. Nutr. 2003;133:2171-2175.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Clinical Practice Guidelines: Part I: Where Do They Come From?
Gibbons et al.
Circulation 2003;107:2979-2986.
FULL TEXT
Effects on the Human Serum Lipoprotein Profile of {beta}-Glucan, Soy Protein and Isoflavones, Plant Sterols and Stanols, Garlic and Tocotrienols
Kerckhoffs et al.
J. Nutr. 2002;132:2494-2505.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Hypocholesterolemic Effect of an Enteric-Coated Garlic Supplement
Kannar et al.
J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2001;20:225-231.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Gender May Affect the Action of Garlic Oil on Plasma Cholesterol and Glucose Levels of Normal Subjects
Zhang et al.
J. Nutr. 2001;131:1471-1478.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Garlic Shows Promise for Improving Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Ackermann et al.
Arch Intern Med 2001;161:813-824.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Intake of Garlic and Its Bioactive Components
Amagase et al.
J. Nutr. 2001;131:955S-962.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Historical Perspective on Garlic and Cardiovascular Disease
Rahman
J. Nutr. 2001;131:977S-979.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Aged Garlic Extract, a Modulator of Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Dose-Finding Study on the Effects of AGE on Platelet Functions
Steiner and Li
J. Nutr. 2001;131:980S-984.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Cholesterol-Lowering Effect of Garlic Extracts and Organosulfur Compounds: Human and Animal Studies
Yeh and Liu
J. Nutr. 2001;131:989S-993.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Garlic for Treating Hypercholesterolemia: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Stevinson et al.
ANN INTERN MED 2000;133:420-429.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
ACC/AHA/ACP-ASIM guidelines for the management of patients with chronic stable angina: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Management of Patients With Chronic Stable Angina)
Gibbons et al.
J Am Coll Cardiol 1999;33:2092-2197.
FULL TEXT
Effect of Garlic on Serum Lipids
Lawson et al.
JAMA 1998;280:1568-1568.
FULL TEXT
Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease: Clinical Considerations
Mashour et al.
Arch Intern Med 1998;158:2225-2234.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
A Review of 12 Commonly Used Medicinal Herbs
O'Hara et al.
Arch Fam Med 1998;7:523-536.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
|
