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Efficacy of Omeprazole for the Treatment of Symptomatic Acid Reflux Disease Without Esophagitis
Joel E. Richter, MD;
David Peura, MD;
Stanley B. Benjamin, MD;
Bo Joelsson, MD, PhD;
James Whipple, MS
Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:1810-1816.
Background Up to three quarters of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have symptoms, such as heartburn, but no macroscopic evidence of erosive esophagitis, making symptomatic GERD a common clinical problem in the primary care setting.
Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of omeprazole, 20 mg once daily; omeprazole, 10 mg once daily; and placebo in the treatment of symptomatic GERD without erosive esophagitis.
Methods Patients with a history of heartburn ( 12 months) and episodes of moderate to severe heartburn on 4 or more of the 7 days before endoscopy were eligible to participate in this 4-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The absence of erosive esophagitis was established through endoscopy. Eligible patients were randomized to 1 of 3 treatment groups: omeprazole, 20 mg once daily; omeprazole, 10 mg once daily; or placebo. Patients were assessed at weeks 2 and 4. The efficacy of omeprazole for the treatment of heartburn was determined mainly through the following diary card data: daily resolution of heartburn and complete resolution of heartburn every day during 1 week of treatment. The efficacy of omeprazole for the treatment of acid regurgitation, dysphagia, epigastric pain, and nausea was also assessed.
Results Of 359 randomized patients, 355 were included in the statistical analysis (intention-to-treat population). Daily proportions of patients with no heartburn were consistently greater in the 20-mg omeprazole group (62%, day 7; 74%, day 27) than in the 10-mg omeprazole group (41%, day 7; 49%, day 27) or the placebo group (14%, day 7; 23%; day 27). Complete resolution of heartburn every day during the last treatment week was significantly (P .002) higher in the 20-mg omeprazole group (48%) than in the 10-mg omeprazole (27%) or placebo (5%) group. Omeprazole was significantly (P.003) more effective than placebo for the treatment of acid regurgitation, dysphagia, epigastric pain, and nausea.
Conclusions Patients with symptomatic GERD require profound acid suppression to achieve symptomatic relief. Omeprazole, 20 mg once daily, was superior to omeprazole, 10 mg once daily, and to placebo in providing early and sustained resolution of heartburn, as well as treatment of other troublesome GERD symptoms.
From the Department of Gastroenterology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Richter); Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (Dr Peura); Division of Gastroenterology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC (Dr Benjamin); and AstraZeneca LP (formerly Astra Pharmaceuticals LP, successor to Astra Merck Inc), Wayne, Pa (Dr Joelsson and Mr Whipple).
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