State of the Art Reviews: Relationship Between Diet/ Physical Activity and Health
O'Neil and Nicklas
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF LIFESTYLE MEDICINE 2007;1:457-481.
ABSTRACT
ACC/AHA 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 1998 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease) Developed in Collaboration With the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists Endorsed by the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons
Bonow et al.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;48:e1-e148.
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ACC/AHA 2006 Practice Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 1998 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease) Developed in Collaboration With the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists Endorsed by the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons
Bonow et al.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;48:598-675.
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A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Sibutramine for Olanzapine-Associated Weight Gain
Henderson et al.
Am. J. Psychiatry 2005;162:954-962.
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Effect of Sibutramine on Weight Management and Metabolic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: A meta-analysis of clinical studies
Vettor et al.
Diabetes Care 2005;28:942-949.
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C75 Alters Central and Peripheral Gene Expression to Reduce Food Intake and Increase Energy Expenditure
Tu et al.
Endocrinology 2005;146:486-493.
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Obesity in Adults: An Applied Evidence-Based Review
Orzano and Scott
J Am Board Fam Med 2004;17:359-369.
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Energy expenditure in obesity
Roberts et al.
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2004;79:181-182.
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Obesity Treatments and Controversies
Kazaks and Stern
Diabetes Spectr. 2003;16:231-235.
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Orlistat Enhances Warfarin Effect
MacWalter et al.
The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2003;37:510-512.
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Are There Benefits From Long-term Pharmacotherapy of Obesity?
Kearns
Arch Intern Med 2002;162:1070-1070.
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36 weeks), placebo-controlled trials of obesity pharmacotherapy
published since 1960. Since fears of anorexiant-induced heart valve damage
preclude many physicians and patients from even considering antiobesity drugs,
this area is also reviewed in-depth. Electronic database and manual bibliography
search was used to identify all relevant publications. While existing studies
are too few and heterogeneous to warrant meta-analysis, their review does
provide evidence highly relevant to the safety and efficacy of available anorexiants.
Weight loss attributable to obesity pharmacotherapy (ie, in excess of placebo)
in trials lasting 36 to 52 weeks was 8.1% or 7.9 kg for those receiving phentermine
resin, 5.0 % or 4.3 kg for those receiving sibutramine hydrochloride , 3.4%
or 3.4 kg for those receiving orlistat, and -1.5% or -1.5 kg for
those receiving diethylpropion hydrochloride. Physiologic, pathologic, and
epidemiological studies strongly support that anorexiant-induced valvulopathy
is attributable to specific serotonergic properties of the fenfluramines that
are not present with available weight loss drugs.