 |
|
Preservation of Cognitive Function With Antihypertensive Medications
A Longitudinal Analysis of a Community-Based Sample of African Americans
Michael D. Murray, PharmD, MPH;
Kathleen A. Lane, MS;
Sujuan Gao, PhD;
Rebecca M. Evans, MD;
Frederick W. Unverzagt, MD;
Kathleen S. Hall, PhD;
Hugh Hendrie, MB, ChB
Arch Intern Med. 2002;162:2090-2096.
Background Results of previous studies of white older adults suggest that antihypertensive
medications preserve cognition. We assessed the long-term effect of antihypertensive
medications on cognitive function in a community sample of African American
older adults.
Methods We conducted longitudinal surveys and clinical assessment of cognitive
function in a random sample of 2212 community-dwelling African Americans 65
years and older. We identified 1900 participants without evidence of cognitive
impairment at baseline, 1617 of whom had subsequent follow-up information,
and 946 of whom had blood pressure measurements. Cognitive function was measured
at baseline and at 2 and 5 years by means of scores on the Community Screening
Instrument for Dementia and neuropsychological and clinical assessment for
dementia and cognitive impairment. Prescription and nonprescription medication
use was derived from in-home inspection of medications and participant and
informant reports.
Results Of 1900 participants, 288 (15.2%) developed incident cognitive impairment.
Using logistic regression to control for the effects of age, sex, education,
baseline cognitive scores, and hypertension and angina or myocardial infarction,
we found that antihypertensive medications reduced the odds of incident cognitive
impairment by 38% (odds ratio, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.45-0.84).
Corresponding analysis using blood pressure measurements on the subset of
participants was inconclusive.
Conclusion Antihypertensive medication use is associated with preservation of cognitive
function in older African American adults.
From the Departments of Psychiatry (Drs Evans, Unverzagt, Hall, and
Hendrie) and Medicine (Drs Murray and Gao and Ms Lane), Indiana University
School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University School
of Pharmacy (Dr Murray), and Regenstrief Institute for Health Care (Drs Murray
and Hendrie), Indianapolis, Ind.
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES
|
Mild Cognitive Dysfunction: An Epidemiological Perspective With an Emphasis on African Americans
Unverzagt et al.
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2007;20:215-226.
ABSTRACT
Dementia and Comorbidities: An Overview of Diagnosis and Management
Swanson and Carnahan
Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2007;20:296-317.
ABSTRACT
Less Atherosclerosis and Lower Blood Pressure for a Meaningful Life Perspective With More Brain
Staessen et al.
Hypertension 2007;49:389-400.
FULL TEXT
Clinical practice with anti-dementia drugs: a consensus statement from British Association for Psychopharmacology.
Burns and O'Brien
J Psychopharmacol 2006;20:732-755.
ABSTRACT
Lessons Learned From International Comparative Crosscultural Studies on Dementia.
Hendrie
AJGP 2006;14:480-488.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Antihypertensive Medication Use and Incident Alzheimer Disease: The Cache County Study
Khachaturian et al.
Arch Neurol 2006;63:686-692.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Preventing dementia
Purandare et al.
Adv. Psychiatr. Treat. 2005;11:176-183.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Nonlinear Relations of Blood Pressure to Cognitive Function: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
Waldstein et al.
Hypertension 2005;45:374-379.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Association Between Antihypertensive Medications and Cognitive Impairment in an Elderly Population
Hajjar et al.
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 2005;60:67-73.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Mixed Dementia: Emerging Concepts and Therapeutic Implications
Langa et al.
JAMA 2004;292:2901-2908.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Interaction of atherosclerosis and inflammation in elderly subjects with poor cognitive function
van Exel et al.
Neurology 2003;61:1695-1701.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Blood Pressure and Cognitive Impairment in India and the United States: A Cross-National Epidemiological Study
Pandav et al.
Arch Neurol 2003;60:1123-1128.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
|
