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Sleep Duration and Body Mass Index in a Rural Population
Neal D. Kohatsu, MD, MPH;
Rebecca Tsai, MS;
Terry Young, PhD;
Rachel VanGilder, PhD;
Leon F. Burmeister, PhD;
Ann M. Stromquist, PhD;
James A. Merchant, MD, DrPH
Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:1701-1705.
Background A growing body of epidemiological evidence suggests an association between short sleep duration and obesity. Recently, potential hormonal links have been observed that may account for the relationship. The possible connection between sleep duration and body mass index (BMI) has not been explored in rural populations. Rural populations are of interest because obesity rates are high and lifestyle patterns of nutrition, physical activity, work hours, and sleep may differ from those in urban and suburban populations. We conducted this study to determine whether short sleep duration is related to BMI and obesity in a rural population in southeast Iowa.
Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data collected in the Keokuk County Rural Health Cohort Study, 1999-2004. Study participants were from a population-based sample consisting of 990 employed adults in a rural community in southeastern Iowa. The main outcome measure was BMI. Multiple linear regression modeling was used to adjust for potential confounding variables.
Results Self-reported sleep duration on weeknights was negatively correlated ( = –0.42; 95% confidence interval, –0.77 to –0.07) with higher BMI after adjusting for sex, age, educational achievement, physical job demand, household income, depressive symptoms, marital status, alcohol consumption, and snoring.
Conclusion These data support an association between short sleep duration and higher BMI in this rural population, which is consistent with the relationship found in other settings.
Author Affiliations: Departments of Epidemiology (Drs Kohatsu and VanGilder and Ms Tsai), Biostatistics (Dr Burmeister), and Occupational and Environmental Health (Drs Stromquist and Merchant), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; and Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison (Dr Young). Dr Kohatsu is now with the California Department of Health Services, Sacramento. Dr VanGilder is now with Wellmark Blue Cross and Blue Shield, Des Moines, Iowa.
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