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-Blocker–Induced Complications and the Patient With Glaucoma

Newer Treatments to Help Reduce Systemic Adverse Events

William C. Stewart, MD; Patricia M. Garrison

Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:221-226.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

INTRODUCTION

Primary open-angle glaucoma is a condition associated with an elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) that is defined as optic nerve degeneration with a slowly progressive deterioration of the visual field that may lead to blindness.¹ More than 1 million Americans are being treated for glaucoma, and 80000 are legally blind as a result of the disease.² Glaucoma has its highest prevalence among the elderly population, with an incidence of approximately 1% in those older than 60 years, 3% in those between the ages of 70 and 80 years, and more than 9% in those older than 80 years.³ Treatment is directed at lowering high ocular pressures. The initial treatment, in most cases topical therapy with a -adrenergic blocking agent, reduces the IOP to help preserve sight. But such topical agents may also have adverse systemic effects on cardiac, pulmonary, central nervous system (CNS), and . . . [Full Text of this Article]

TOPICAL -ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS

Cardiovascular Effects

Pulmonary Effects

CNS and Endocrine Effects

NEW AGENTS WITH POTENTIALLY REDUCED SYSTEMIC EFFECTS

Latanoprost

Brimonidine

Dorzolamide

Apraclonidine

CONCLUSIONS

From the Department of Ophthalmology, University of South Carolina Medical School, Columbia (Dr Stewart); and Wang Associates, New York, NY (Ms Garrison).

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