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Why Physicians Should Lower Their Threshold for HIV Testing

Kenneth A. Freedberg, MD, MSc; Jeffrey H. Samet, MD, MA, MPH

Arch Intern Med. 1999;159:1994-2000.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

INTRODUCTION

More than 1 million people in the United States are estimated to be infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a national prevalence of 0.3%.¹ About half of those infected are men who have sex with men and a quarter are injection drug users. The incidence of HIV infection appears to have leveled off among men who have sex with men but continues to rise in injection drug users, women, and persons who have acquired HIV infection through heterosexual contact.²

In the past several years, there have been crucial advances made in understanding the biology and treatment of HIV infection. The ability to quantify virus in both plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells has confirmed that HIV infection is a dynamic process characterized by rapid daily CD4 lymphocyte turnover.³ Advances in the understanding of viral replication have provided the . . . [Full Text of this Article]

REPORT OF A CASE

CLINICAL PRESENTATION, HIV TESTING, AND SEROPREVALENCE

HIV TESTING: PHYSICIAN ROLE, THRESHOLD, AND RISK RECOGNITION

POLICY ISSUES

CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

From the Section of General Internal Medicine and Clinical AIDS Program, Department of Medicine and Evans Medical Foundation, Boston Medical Center and the Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (Drs Freedberg and Samet); and the Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Dr Freedberg) and Social and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Samet), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston.

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