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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–associated polymyositis was first described in 1983¹; since then a few cases have been reported.^2-4 Although muscular pathological abnormalities are commonly found in HIV-infected patients, the prevalence of symptomatic polymyositis is less than 1%.² When present, the occurrence of esophageal and myocardial involvement is, however, exceedingly rare. We have recently cared for an HIV-infected patient with polymyositis who presented with life-threatening myocardial and esophageal involvement.

Report of a Case.

A 40-year-old HIV-infected heterosexual man without prior opportunistic infections developed a subacute onset of myalgias and progressive proximal muscle weakness. Seven months earlier he had started zidovudine therapy. He was admitted to the hospital because of severe oropharyngeal dysphagia and congestive heart failure. Laboratory values were as follow: creatine phosphokinase, 883 U/L (normal, <180 U/L); lactate dehydrogenase, 504 U/L (normal, 230-460 U/L); and aldolase, 7.3 U/L (normal, <7.3 U/L). Electromyographic findings were consistent with myopathy, and echocardiography showed left ventricular dysfunction, . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Comment.

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