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James L. Januzzi, Jr, MD; Theodore A. Stern, MD; Richard C. Pasternak, MD; Roman W. DeSanctis, MD

Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:1913-1921.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

INTRODUCTION

For years, patients with cardiac disease have been thought to exhibit characteristic emotional features. However, the modern understanding of the relationship between affective disorders and the heart may be traced to the mid-19th century, with the publication of Williams' seminal text regarding "nervous and sympathetic palpitations of the heart."¹ This was followed through the late 1800s by numerous works that described the concept of neurologically based, or "neurasthenic," cardiac disorders. In the 20th century, large advances occurred in the area of mood-related issues that pertained to coronary artery disease (CAD) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). In his 1910 Lumleian lecture, Sir William Osler described his typical patient with angina pectoris as "a man whose engine is always set full speed ahead" and further noted his patients with cardiac disease to be "worriers."² The . . . [Full Text of this Article]

ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION: THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO THE GENESIS OF CAD AND SCD

ANXIETY AND ESTABLISHED HEART DISEASE

DEPRESSION AND ESTABLISHED HEART DISEASE

TREATMENT OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC DISEASE

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Stress Reduction Techniques

Drug Therapy for Affective Disorders

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Cardiac Rehabilitation and Affective Disorders

SUMMARY

From the Cardiac Unit, Department of Medicine (Drs Januzzi, Pasternak, and DeSanctis), and the Department of Psychiatry (Dr Stern), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston.

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