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Prenatal Cocaine Exposure and the Expanding Spectrum of Brain Malformations
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This female infant was born after 37 weeks' gestation to healthy, unrelated parents. There was no family history of congenital abnormalities. Ultrasound examination performed at 13 weeks' gestation revealed no abnormalities. The mother refused to consent to any further echographic examination. An interview with the mother revealed discontinuous cocaine abuse during the first and second trimester of pregnancy. She denied cocaine abuse during the last trimester of pregnancy. Abuse of alcohol or of any other drugs during pregnancy was also denied.
Clinical examination at birth showed microcrania, with a mean occipitofrontal circumference of 27.5 cm (<10th percentile), closed anterior fontanella, and overlapping of all sutures. Her birthweight was 2290 g (25th percentile). Deep scalp rugae, prominent occipital bone, ridge over the suture lines, and normal hair pattern were evident. Findings from a urine toxicology screening in both the mother and the infant were negative. Magnetic resonance imaging (Figure 1. . . [Full Text of this Article]
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