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Home Blood Pressure Monitoring
Steven A. Yarows, MD;
Stevo Julius, MD, ScD;
Thomas G. Pickering, MD, DPhil
Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:1251-1257.
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INTRODUCTION
Hypertension is estimated to affect 43 to 56 million adults or 24% to 31% of the US population and is emerging as a major health problem in some countries in the Third World.1-3 Hypertension contributes to all the major atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease outcomes.
Blood pressure (BP) can be monitored at the office (clinic) and at home using conventional or ambulatory BP monitors (ABPMs). Ownership of home BP (HBP) monitors is becoming popular and usually occurs without physician encouragement.4 The world BP monitor sales have grown from $484 million in 1992 to $525 million in 1995 and are projected to grow to $597 million by 2002 (Eric Vennemeyer, written communication, December 10, 1997). Higher sales are likely due to the following factors: marketing and a population that is aging and increasingly obese and health conscious. These factors become . . . [Full Text of this Article]
HISTORY OF HBP MONITORING
TYPES OF AND DIFFERENCES IN MONITORS
IS HBP MONITORING ACCURATE?
ARE THE RESULTS OF ELECTRONIC HBP MONITORS REPRODUCIBLE AND WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MONITORS?
HUMAN ERRORS IN BP MEASUREMENT
MEASUREMENTS OF HBP COMPARED WITH OBP AND ABPM
NORMAL VALUES OF HBP AS DEFINED BY BOTH STATISTICAL ASSUMPTIONS AND MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY DATA
RELATIONSHIP OF HBP WITH END-ORGAN DAMAGE
IMPROVED PREDICTION OF HYPERTENSION-RELATED MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WITH THE USE OF HBP MONITORING
COPING WITH HYPERTENSION USING HBP MONITORING
IMPROVED BP CONTROL USING HBP MONITORING
COMPLIANCE WITH THERAPY USING HBP MONITORING
COST-EFFECTIVENESS
CONCLUSIONS
From the Division of Hypertension, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor (Drs Yarows and Julius); and the Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY (Dr Pickering). Dr Yarows has been and is currently a consultant to Omron Healthcare Inc, Vernon Hills, Ill.
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