 |
|
Plasma Vitamin C Level, Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, and the Risk of New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes MellitusThe European Prospective Investigation of Cancer–Norfolk Prospective Study
Anne-Helen Harding, PhD;
Nicholas J. Wareham, FRCP, PhD;
Sheila A. Bingham, PhD;
KayTee Khaw, FRCP;
Robert Luben, BSc;
Ailsa Welch, PhD;
Nita G. Forouhi, FFPH, PhD
Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(14):1493-1499.
Background Epidemiologic studies suggest that greater consumption of fruit and vegetables may decrease the risk of diabetes mellitus, but the evidence is limited and inconclusive. Plasma vitamin C level is a good biomarker of fruit and vegetable intake, but, to our knowledge, no prospective studies have examined its association with diabetes risk. This study aims to examine whether fruit and vegetable intake and plasma vitamin C level are associated with the risk of incident type 2 diabetes.
Methods We administered a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire to men and women from a population-based prospective cohort (European Prospective Investigation of Cancer–Norfolk) study who were aged 40 to 75 years at baseline (1993-1997) when plasma vitamin C level was determined and habitual intake of fruit and vegetables was assessed. During 12 years of follow-up between February 1993 and the end of December 2005, 735 clinically incident cases of diabetes were identified among 21 831 healthy individuals. We report the odds ratios of diabetes associated with sex-specific quintiles of fruit and vegetable intake and of plasma vitamin C levels.
Results A strong inverse association was found between plasma vitamin C level and diabetes risk. The odds ratio of diabetes in the top quintile of plasma vitamin C was 0.38 (95% confidence interval, 0.28-0.52) in a model adjusted for demographic, lifestyle, and anthropometric variables. In a similarly adjusted model, the odds ratio of diabetes in the top quintile of fruit and vegetable consumption was 0.78 (95% confidence interval, 0.60-1.00).
Conclusions Higher plasma vitamin C level and, to a lesser degree, fruit and vegetable intake were associated with a substantially decreased risk of diabetes. Our findings highlight a potentially important public health message on the benefits of a diet rich in fruit and vegetables for the prevention of diabetes.
Author Affiliations: Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital (Drs Harding, Forouhi, and Wareham), and Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge (Drs Bingham, Khaw, and Welch and Mr Luben), Cambridge, England.
 CiteULike  Connotea  Del.icio.us  Digg  Reddit  Technorati  Twitter
What's this?
RELATED LETTER
Vitamin C Concentration and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Serge Hercberg, Sebastien Czernichow, and Pilar Galan
Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(6):634.
EXTRACT
| FULL TEXT
RELATED ARTICLES
In This Issue of Archives of Internal Medicine
Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(14):1484.
FULL TEXT
Are You What You Eat, or How Much You Eat?: The Case of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Mark N. Feinglos and Susan E. Totten
Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(14):1485-1486.
EXTRACT
| FULL TEXT
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES
|
Association Between Type of Dietary Fish and Seafood Intake and the Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: The European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk cohort study
Patel et al.
Diabetes Care 2009;32:1857-1863.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
High Baseline Vitamin C Levels Do Not Prevent a Positive Outcome of a Lifestyle Intervention
Thamer et al.
Diabetes Care 2009;32:e112-e112.
FULL TEXT
Effects of a Mediterranean-Style Diet on the Need for Antihyperglycemic Drug Therapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Trial
Esposito et al.
ANN INTERN MED 2009;151:306-314.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Effects of long-term antioxidant supplementation and association of serum antioxidant concentrations with risk of metabolic syndrome in adults
Czernichow et al.
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2009;90:329-335.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Vitamin C Concentration and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Hercberg et al.
Arch Intern Med 2009;169:634-634.
FULL TEXT
Support for Benefit of Physical Activity on Satiety, Weight Control, and Diabetes Risk--Reply
Forouhi et al.
Arch Intern Med 2009;169:635-635.
FULL TEXT
Support for Benefit of Physical Activity on Satiety, Weight Control, and Diabetes Risk
McCarthy and Kuo
Arch Intern Med 2009;169:634-635.
FULL TEXT
|
