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The Relationship of Abnormal Vascular Responses to Retinopathy and Nephropathy in Diabetics
JØRN DITZEL, M.D.;
LYNN SARGEANT, M.D.;
WILLIAM B. HADLEY, M.D.
AMA Arch Intern Med. 1958;101(5):912-920.
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The increasing importance of vascular disease in the diabetic is reflected in recent mortality studies. Whereas in the preinsulin era approximately 18% died of cardiorenal vascular disease, this figure had risen to 54% in 1936 and to as much as 76% in 1955.1 Furthermore, in juvenile diabetics surviving 25 to 30 years of their disease, 88% have retinopathy (46% retinitis proliferans), 39% have albuminuria, and 44% hypertension.2
Only little is known about the etiology and pathogenesis of the vascular disease. It is evident, however, that the more specific lesions, retinopathy and glomerulosclerosis, result from a slowly progressive degeneration of the smaller blood vessels. Retinopathy and glomerulosclerosis are related to various factors, including the duration of diabetes.3,4
With use of an ophthalmoscope (magnification X 15), the initial visible change found in the retinopathy of young diabetics is venous congestion (phlebopathy) and small sanguinolent dots (microaneurysms).5,6 By using
. . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]
Author Affiliations
Boston
From Baker Research Laboratory, New England Deaconess Hospital, and the Joslin Clinic and Department of Internal Medicine, Harvard University Medical School.
Footnotes
Submitted for publication Aug. 6, 1957.
This study was aided by a grant (A-H 1070C) from the National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service, and the Massachusetts Lions Eye Research Fund.
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