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Mechanisms of Urinary Concentration and Dilution
EZRA LAMDIN, M.D.
AMA Arch Intern Med. 1959;103(4):644-671.
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Introduction
The happy facility which enables the organism to vary, over rather wide ranges, the relative proportions of urinary water and solute is a phenomenon of manifest teleologic advantage and constitutes perhaps the major line of defense with regard to homeostasis of volume and tonicity of the body fluids. The osmotic pressure of the extracellular fluids, and presumably of the cells they bathe, is punctiliously guarded at values of approximately 280 to 300 mOsm. per liter.* The cellular milieu of the human kidney, however, must somehow cope with the fluid contents within its tubules, which between the extremes of maximum diuresis and antidiuresis ranges from under 50 to more than 1,300 mOsm. per liter, that is, roughly one-sixth to over four times the osmotic pressure of the plasma. The kidney of other mammals may perform even more spectacularly: the urine within the collecting tubules of certain desert rodents that subsist
. . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]
Author Affiliations
Boston
From the Medical Service and Research Laboratory, Boston Veterans Administration Hospital, and the Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine. Veterans Administration Clinical Investigator.
Footnotes
Submitted for publication Oct. 13, 1958.
Because of the large number of requests anticipated for reprints of the papers of this series, it is planned to bind them together after the last has appeared. They may be obtained for $1.00 ea. by addressing requests to Mr. Ed McNabb, Baird-Ward Printing Co., Box 539, Nashville 1, Tenn. Note: Enclose remittance with order.
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