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RALPH GOLDMAN, MD; WILLARD E. GOODWIN, MD; JOSEPH J. KAUFMAN, MD; DONALD C. MARTIN, MD; RICHARD J. GLASSOCK, MD; DAVID S. NOUROK, MD

Arch Intern Med. 1964;114(5):601-609.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

Human renal homotransplantation has been attempted since 1936.¹ In 1956 Merrill et al² reported the first successful renal homotransplantation, an isotransplantation between identical twins. This success demonstrated that technical problems of transplantation need not be a barrier if immunologic aspects could be brought under control. Attempts at transplantation were then accelerated, and various methods were introduced in an attempt to modify the rejection reaction. Promising results were obtained using sublethal total body irradiation,³ but difficulties have led to its abandonment by all but a few investigators.⁴ Chemical immunosuppression was introduced after demonstration by Schwartz and Dameshek that mercaptopurine (6-mercaptopurine) could impair the immunologic response.⁵ Azathioprine (Imuran, BW-57-322), a derivative of mercaptopurine, is now the most widely used drug for this purpose. Because of its bone marrow toxicity, relatively small maintenance doses are used. Azathioprine is augmented by actinomycin C and large doses of prednisone when . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
LOS ANGELES

Professor of Medicine (Dr. Goldman); Professor of Surgery, Chief, Division of Urology (Dr. Goodwin); Associate Professor of Surgery, Division of Urology (Dr. Kaufman); Instructor in Surgery, Division of Urology (Dr. Martin); Associate Resident in Medicine (Dr. Glassock); Fellow in Medicine (Dr. Nourok).

From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery/Urology, University of California Center for the Health Sciences and the Veterans Administration Center.

Footnotes
Received for publication April 29, 1964; accepted June 30.

This investigation was supported in part by Research Grant HE 07852 from the National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service.

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