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An Etiologic Factor in Renal Insufficiency, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhages, and Peripheral Vascular Diseases

Jorge A. Carvajal, MD; W. Robert Anderson, MD; Leo Weiss, MD; Jerome Grismer, MD; Reuben Berman, MD

Arch Intern Med. 1967;119(6):593-599.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

THE CLINICAL significance of atheroembolism from aortic and arterial atheromatous plaques to various organs and tissues has not been appreciated until fairly recently. Embolization of atheromatous material has been seen with increasing frequency, and it is now recognized that impaction of this material within small arteries and arterioles may be manifested by (1) paroxismal ischemic changes of the feet and legs with pain, livedo reticularis, and gangrene despite adequate arterial pulses^1-3; (2) hypertension and impaired renal function^4-6; (3) abdominal pain, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and pancreatitis^7,8; and (4) occasionally neurological symptoms and retinal emboli.^9-12

The purpose of this paper is to describe the clinical and pathologic findings in five patients with most of these manifestations and in whom the diagnosis of atheroemboli was made. The use of diagnostic muscle biopsies and the clinical significance of embolization to the renal and gastrointestinal systems are emphasized.

Report of Cases

Case 1 (MSH 68147).

—A . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
Minneapolis

From the departments of medicine, pathology, and cardio-thoracic unit, Mt Sinai Hospital, Minneapolis. Dr. Carvajal was a fellow in Medicine, Mt Sinai Hospital, University of Minnesota affiliated Hospitals; he is presently at the Veterans Administration Hospital, Long Beach, Calif.

Footnotes
Received for publication Oct 26, 1966; accepted Feb 10, 1967.

Reprint requests to 5901 E Seventh St, Long Beach, Calif 90804 (Dr. Carvajal).

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