This Article  • Full text PDF  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Similar articles in this journal  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

Reza S. Malek, MD, FRCS, FACS, FAAP

Arch Intern Med. 1982;142(6):1089.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

Urolithiasis is, indeed, a costly and crippling health problem; the estimated annual patient cost in the United States is at least $47.3 million.

In fact, urolithiasis is only a complication of a large number of variable, complex, and at times mystical underlying disorders. Per se, it may, indeed, be regarded as a locally malignant condition that primarily affects persons aged 20 to 40 years. The high rate of recurrence, which ranges from 9% to 73% at an interval of approximately nine years, and multitude of operations to which a large number of poorly evaluated, incorrectly diagnosed, and inadequately treated stone formers are usually subjected serve to illustrate this point. Tragically, about one third of patients having one or more episodes of upper tract calculi eventually will lose a kidney.

A number of screening studies including determination of serum and urine biochemical profile, bacteriologic examination of urine, analysis of any available . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
Section of Pediatric Urology Department of Urology Mayo Clinic and Mayo Medical School Rochester, MN 55905

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter     What's this?